References:

1 Horslen S,Barr ML,Christensen LL,et al.Pediatric transplantation in the United States, 1996–2005[J].Am J Transplant, 2007,7:1339–1358.
2 Al-Sinani S,Dhawan A. Corticosteroids usage in pediatric liver transplantation:To be or not to be[J]. Pediatr Transplantation, 2009, 13: 160–170.
3 Jochen Klupp,Robert Pfitzmann,Jan M.Langrehr,et al. Indications of Mycophenolate Mofetil in Liver Transplantation[J]. Transplantation,2005, 80: S142–S146.
4 傅志仁，施晓敏，张晓君.肝移植术后免疫抑制剂的长期应用及其不良反应的控制[J].外科理论与实践,2008,13(4):310-312.
5 Shepherd RW, Turmelle Y, Nadler M, et al. Risk factors for rejection and infection in pediatric liver transplantation[J].Am J Transplant,2008,8:396-403.
6 McDiarmid S. The necessity for steroid induction or long-term maintenance after liver transplantation: The argument against[J]. Transplant Proc,1998,8(30):1449-1151.
7 Paul Greig,Leslie Lilly,Charles Scudamore,et al. Early Steroid Withdrawal After Liver Transplantation: The Canadian Tacrolimus Versus Microemulsion Cyclosporin A Trial: 1-Year Follow-Up[J]. Liver Transplantation, 2003, 9(6):587-595.
8 Lerut JP,Ciccarelli O,Mauel E,et al. Adult liver transplantation and steroid-azathioprine withdrawal in cyclosporine (Sandimmun)-based immunosuppression - 5 year results of a prospective study[J].Transpl int,2001,14:420-428.
9 Jan Lerut, Eliano Bonaccorsi-Riani, Patrice Finet, et al. Minimization of steroids in liver transplantation[J].Organ Transplantation,2009,22:2–19.
10 Milissa McKee,Peter Mattei,Kathleen Schwarz,et al. Steroid Withdrawal in Tacrolimus(FK506)-Treated Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients[J]. J Pediatr Surg,1997,32(7):973-975.
11 Diem HV, Sokal EM, Janssen M, et al. Steroid withdrawal after pediatric liver transplantation: a long-term follow-up study in 109 recipients[J]. Transplantation,2003,75(10):1664-1670.
12 Becker J, Huber W-D,Aufricht C. Short- and long-time effects of pediatric liver transplantation on serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels–The Vienna Cohort[J].Pediatr Transplantation,2008,12: 883–888.
13 Ringe B, Moritz M,Zeldin G,et al. What Is the Best Immunosuppression in Living Donor Liver Transplantation[J]. Transplant Proc,2005, 37(5):2169-2171.
14 Reding R,Gras J,Sokal E,et al. Steroid-free liver transplantation in children[J]. Lancet,2003,362(9401):2068-2070.
15 Cintorino D,Riva S,Spada M,et al.Corticosteroid-Free Immunosuppression in Pediatric Liver Transplantation: Safety and Efficacy After a Short-Term Follow-up[J].Transplant Proc,2006,38(4):1099-1000.
16 Gras JM,Gerkens S,Beguin C,et al.Steroid-Free, Tacrolimus- Basiliximab Immunosuppression in Pediatric Liver Transplantation: Clinical and Pharmacoeconomic Study in 50 Children[J]. Liver Transpl,2008, 14(4):469-477.
17 Schuller S,Wiederkehr JC,Coelho-Lemos IM,et al. Daclizumab Induction Therapy Associated With Tacrolimus-MMF Has Better Outcome Compared With Tacrolimus-MMF Alone in Pediatric Living Donor Liver Transplantation[J]. Transplant Proc,2005,37(2):1151-1152.
18 Ganschow R, Grabhorn E, Schulz A,et al. Long-term results of basiliximab induction immunosuppression in pediatric liver transplant recipients[J].Pediatr Transplantation,2005,9: 741–745.
19 Heffron TG,Pillen T,Smallwood GA,et al.Pediatric liver transplantation with daclizumab induction[J]. Transplantation, 2003, 75(12):2040-2043.
20 Spadaa M, Petzb W, Bertania A,et al. Randomized Trial of Basiliximab Induction versus Steroid Therapy in Pediatric Liver Allograft Recipients Under Tacrolimus Immunosuppression[J]. Transplantation,2006,6: 1913-1921.
21 Asensio M,Margarit C,Chavez R,et al. Induction With Basiliximab Reduces Acute Rejection in Pediatric Liver Transplant Patients Treated With Tacrolimus And Steroids[J]. Transplantation Proceedings, 2002,34: 1970-1971.
22 Varo E,Lopez A, Rivero C. Initial immunosuppression in liver transplant recipients with impaired renal function[J].Transplant Proc,2005,37: 3909-3912.
23 Chardot C,Nicoluzzi JE,Janssen M,et al. Use of mycophenolate mofetil as rescue therapy after pediatric liver transplantation[J]. Transplantation,2001,71: 224-229.
24 Aw MM,Samaroo B,Baker AJ,et al.Calcineurin-inhibitor related nephrotoxicity-reversibility in paediatric liver transplant recipients[J]. Transplantation, 2001, 72: 746-749.
25 Ferraris JR,Duca P,Prigoshin N,et al.Mycophenolate mofetil and reduced doses of cyclosporine in pediatric liver transplantation with chronic renal dysfunction: Changes in the immune responses[J]. Pediatr Transplant,2004, 8: 454-459.
26 Tannuri U, Gibelli NE, Maksoud-Filho JG, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil promotes prolonged improvement of renal dysfunction after pediatric liver transplantation: Experience of a single center[J]. Pediatr Transplant,2007,11: 82-86.
27 Evans HM, McKiernan PJ, Kelly DA. Mycophenolate mofetil for renal dysfunction after pediatric liver transplantation[J].Transplantation,2005, 79: 1575-1580.
28 Nobili V. Mycophenolate mofetil in pediatric liver transplant patients with renal dysfunction: Preliminary data[J].Pediatr Transplantation,2003, 7: 454-457.
29 Dell-Olio D, Kelly DA. Calcineurin inhibitor minimization in pediatric liver allograft recipients[J].Pediatr Transplantation,2009,13: 670-681.
30 Scheenstra R, Torringa ML, Waalkens HJ, et al.Cyclosporine A withdrawal during follow-up after pediatric liver transplantation[J].Liver Transpl,2006,12:240-246.
31 Hurwitz M,Desai DM,Cox KL,et al.Complete immunosuppressive withdrawal as a uniform approach to post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease in pediatric liver transplantation[J].Pediatr Transplantation,2004,8: 267-272.
32 Rakesh Sindhi, John Sanil Manavalan,Amy Magill,et al. Reduced Immunosuppression in Pediatric Liver-Intestine Transplant Recipients With CD8 + CD28-T-Suppressor Cells[J].Human Immunology,2005,66:252-257.
33 Millar AJW,Spearman W,McCulloch M,et al.Liver transplantation for children – the Red Cross Children’s Hospital experience[J].Pediatr Transplantation,2004, 8: 136–144.