- 摘要:
- 目的 探讨一期后路半椎体切除、短节段内固定手术治疗小儿先天性脊柱侧凸的临床疗效。 方法 2004年9月至2009年6月,作者采用一期后路半椎体切除,短节段经椎弓根钉棒系统或椎板钩棒系统内固定手术治疗因半椎体所致的先天性脊柱侧凸患儿31例,男19例,女12例,年龄1 ~ 8岁,平均年龄3.6岁,术后支具固定4 ~ 6个月。术前站立位X线片显示单个半椎体28例,2个以上3例;半椎体位于胸段4例,胸腰段21例,腰段6例;Cobb’s角侧凸平均42°(36°~ 64°),后凸39°(31°~ 58°)。 结果 经平均2.8年(6个月至4年)随访,无一例出现神经系统并发症,术中出现 2例椎弓根螺钉切割椎体现象,采取更换固定上或下一椎体处理。术后冠状面矫正18 °~ 37°,平均矫正25°,平均矫正率69.4%;矢状面矫正16° ~ 38°,平均矫正24.5°,平均矫正率62.8%。未出现矫正度丢失或“曲轴现象”。结论 对小年龄脊柱半椎体畸形患儿进行早期后路切除并短节段内固定,不仅可以矫正和控制脊柱畸形的发展,而且还能最大限度地保留脊柱的生长潜能和运动节段,疗效可靠。
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