Wang Gang,Tang Xueyang,Zou Li.Research progress on pediatric intervertebral disc calcification[J].Journal of Clinical Pediatric Surgery,2026,(05):493-496.[doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn101785-202410067]
儿童椎间盘钙化的研究进展
- Title:
- Research progress on pediatric intervertebral disc calcification
- Keywords:
- Intervertebral Disc Calcification; Etiology; Diagnosis; Treatment
- 摘要:
- 儿童椎间盘钙化(pediatric intervertebral disc calcification,PIDC)是一种以椎间盘髓核钙化为特征性病理改变的自限性疾病,好发于5~12岁儿童,多数为偶然发现。其发病机制尚未明确,可能与创伤、感染、代谢障碍、维生素D过量及无菌性坏死等因素相关。X线片或CT检查显示,钙化灶多位于髓核,最常见于颈椎,其次为胸椎,腰椎极少见,形态可表现为卵圆状、盘状、团块状或碎片状。与成人椎间盘钙化相比,PIDC具有自发吸收趋势,属于自限性病变。目前临床上以保守治疗为主,包括口服抗炎镇痛药、颈托固定、颈椎牵引等;手术治疗仅用于少数因椎间盘钙化物脱入椎管导致神经功能严重受损的患者,相关报道较少。由于该病极为罕见,临床易误诊或漏诊,因此本文将对PIDC症的研究进展进行综述,为临床诊断、治疗及科研工作提供参考。
- Abstract:
- Pediatric intervertebral disc calcification (PIDC) is a self-limited disease characterized by calcification of the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc,typically affecting children aged 5-12,and is mostly discovered incidentally.The pathogenesis remains unclear and may be associated with factors including trauma,infection,metabolic disorders,vitamin D overdose,and avascular necrosis.Radiographic findings on X-ray or CT show that calcified lesions are predominantly located in the nucleus pulposus,most commonly in the cervical spine,followed by the thoracic spine,while the lumbar spine is extremely rarely involved.The morphology may present as oval,disc-shaped,mass-like,or fragmented patterns.Compared with adult intervertebral disc calcification,PIDC demonstrates a tendency for spontaneous absorption and is considered a self-limiting lesion.Current clinical management is primarily conservative,including oral anti-inflammatory and analgesic medications,cervical brace immobilization,and cervical traction.Surgical treatment is reserved for a small subset of patients with severe neurological dysfunction caused by calcified disc fragment herniating into the spinal canal,and related reports are limited.Given the extreme rarity of this disease and its high risk of misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis,this article reviews the research progress on PIDC to provide references for clinical diagnosis,treatment,and scientific research.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2024-10-29。
基金项目:四川大学华西医院临床孵化项目(2020HXFH017)
通讯作者:邹黎,Email:410584493@qq.com