Wang Jian.Current status and future development of surgical treatment for gastrointestinal motility disorders in children[J].Journal of Clinical Pediatric Surgery,2025,(12):1112-1116.[doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn101785-202509023-004]
儿童胃肠动力障碍的外科治疗进展
- Title:
- Current status and future development of surgical treatment for gastrointestinal motility disorders in children
- Keywords:
- Gastrointestinal Motility Disorder; Therapy; Surgical Procedures; Operative; Nutritional Support; Child
- 摘要:
- 儿童胃肠动力障碍(gastrointestinal motility disorder,GIMD)是一组以食管、胃、肠道运动功能异常为主要特征的疾病,涵盖贲门失弛缓症、胃轻瘫、慢传输型便秘及假性肠梗阻(pediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction,PIPO)等多种类型。该类疾病病程迁延,患儿常伴营养不良与生活质量下降。近年来,其诊疗理念已逐步由传统的"被动支持"转向"营养优先与多学科协作"的综合管理模式,推动基于病理生理机制的分层评估与精准干预。对于手术后胃肠动力障碍(如肠闭锁、腹裂手术后),提倡早期肠内营养及必要的外科肠管重塑;PIPO的临床管理强调规范实施居家肠外营养,积极防控并发症,及时进行移植评估。未来,随着胃肠动力学检测技术、微创手术与神经调控手段、人工智能辅助监测与微生态治疗策略的应用,儿童GIMD的诊疗有望进一步迈向精准化、个体化与功能导向的新阶段。
- Abstract:
- Gastrointestinal motility disorders (GIMD) encompass a wide spectrum of conditions including esophageal achalasia,gastroparesis,slow-transit constipation and pediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction (PIPO) in children.These disorders often have a chronic course,accompanied by malnutrition and lower quality-of-life.In recent years,clinical management has shifted from "passive support" to a strategy of nutrition-first and multidisciplinary collaboration,promoting mechanism-based stratification and precision intervention.Postoperative motility disorders such as those following intestinal atresia or gastroschisis now advocate early enteral nutrition and selective intestinal remodeling,while PIPO management focuses upon home parenteral nutrition,complication prevention and timely transplant evaluation.Future advances in motility assessment,mini-invasive and neuromodulatory techniques,artificial intelligence-based monitoring and microbiota-targeted therapies are expected to drive pediatric GIMD management toward a more precise,individualized and function-oriented era.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2025-9-10。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(82272215)
通讯作者:汪健,Email:wj196312@vip.163.com