儿童开放Seymour骨折的近期随访研究

北京积水潭医院小儿骨科(北京市,100035)

Seymour骨折; 指骨; 骨骺/损伤; 儿童

Short-term follow-ups of pediatric open Seymour Fracture.
Chen Xi,Guo Yuan.

Department of Pediatric Orthopedics,Beijing Jishuitan Hospital,Beijing 100035,China.Corresponding author:Guo yuan,Email:gy0902@sina.com

Seymour Fracture; Finger Phalanges; Epiphyses/IN; Child

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671— 6353.2018.08.009

备注

目的 探讨儿童开放Seymour骨折的一般规律、有效治疗方法、早期随诊结果及并发症。方法 收集2016年9月至2017年5月在本院行早期清创复位固定治疗的21例儿童开放Seymour骨折患儿作为研究对象。收集患儿术前人口学资料、影像学资料、术后功能、满意度评分及并发症情况。该组患儿年龄中位数为8岁(1~14岁),平均随访时间5个月(4~20个月)。早期予以清创、解除软组织嵌压、复位、克氏针内固定、拔甲、甲床甲根修补及石膏固定。结果 21例患儿中,11例为Salter-Harris Ⅰ型骺损伤,10例为Salter-Harris Ⅱ型骺损伤。21例均合并甲床损伤,其中9例还合并周围皮肤软组织裂伤。固定方式:15例(72%)采用单枚克氏针贯穿固定,6例(28%)采用交叉克氏针固定。20例获得随访。术后17例获得完整远指间关节活动度,18例随访时无疼痛。2例术后发生感染。所有患儿获得影像学愈合,总体满意度9.3分(8~10分)。术后指甲并发症14例,但均未影响功能及满意度。结论 Seymour骨折需早期清创复位固定。感染和指甲并发症为Seymour骨折的常见并发症。经早期正规处理的该型骺损伤短期功能及满意度好,但应继续随访其是否发生远期并发症,且应认识到感染及指甲相关并发症都可在晚期出现。
Objective To explore the general rules,effective treatments,early results and complications of children with open Seymour fractures. Methods Twenty-one children with open Seymour fractures undergoing debridement and reduction from September 2016 to May 2017 were collected for follow-ups of 5(4~20)months.Preoperative epidemiological data,imaging examinations,postoperative functions,satisfaction scores and complications were analyzed.The average age was 8(1~14)years.Early debridement,release of soft tissue indentation,reduction,Kirschner wire internal fixation,nail extraction,nail-bed repair and cast immobilization were performed. Results Epiphysis injuries belonged to Salter-Harris type Ⅰ(n=11)and type Ⅱ(n=10).All of them showed nail bed injury and 9 also had soft tissue laceration around skin.Fixation methods were single Kirschner wire(n=15,72%)and crossed Kirschner wire(n=6,28%).Twenty cases were followed up.17 patients had complete distal interphalangeal joint mobility and 18 were pain-free.Two cases developed postoperative infection.All of them achieved imaging healing with an overall satisfaction of 9.3(8~10)points.There were 14 cases of postoperative nail complications,but function and satisfaction were not affected. Conclusion Seymour fractures require early debridement,reduction and fixation.Infection and nail complications are common.Short-term function and satisfaction are excellent after early formal treatment.Long-term follow-ups for complications are necessary.