临床小儿外科杂志

目的 DD(disposable diapers, DD)是指一次性纸尿裤(尿不湿)、尿片、尿垫等婴幼儿用品。本研究回顾性调查婴幼儿尿不湿使用情况,并分析其对3～6岁儿童排便功能障碍患病率及排便功能发育的影响。方法采用分层抽样和随机整群抽样相结合的方法,抽取我国广东省深圳市和河南省郑州市6个区30个幼儿园的6 030名3～6岁儿童进行问卷调查。调查内容包括年龄、性别、是否使用DD和使用时长、是否可独立完成排便及开始时间、是否存在排便功能障碍(便秘、大便失禁、直肠脱垂等),采用χ2检验比较不同性别、不同DD使用情况儿童排便功能障碍的患病率,采用独立样本t检验比较使用DD和未用DD组患儿自主控制排便的年龄。结果本调查共回收有效问卷5 146份,DD使用率87.9%(4 522/5 146)。使用DD组和未用DD组患儿自主控制排便年龄分别为(31.13±9.62)个月和(27.18±8.96)个月,差异有统计学意义(t=4.604,P<0.001); 调查发现共有337名儿童有排便功能障碍,患病率为6.54%,其中使用DD组的患病率为7.08(320/4 522),未用DD组患病率为2.72%(17/624),差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.363,P<0.001)。377名排便功能障碍患儿中,便秘201名(259.64%),大便失禁93名(27.60%),直肠脱垂43名(12.76%)。随DD使用时长增加,排便功能障碍患病率呈现升高趋势,经趋势卡方检验,差异有统计学意义(χ2=24.759,P<0.001)。结论学龄前儿童排便功能障碍常见,出生后长期使用DD和缺乏排便训练是学龄前儿童排便功能障碍的危险因素,应引起社会关注。

Objective To explore the use of disposable diapers(DD)in infants and elucidate the effect on the morbidity of defecation and the development of defecation function in children aged 3～6 years. Methods The methods of stratified and random sampling were used to extract a total of 6 030 children aged 3～6 years from 30 kindergartens in 6 districts of Shenzhen,Guangdong Province and Zhengzhou City of Henan Province.A form of anonymous questionnaire was used for examining the effects of age,gender,use of DD,length of use and whether they could complete defecation and start independently.Onset time of defecation dysfunction(constipation,fecal incontinence and rectal prolapse,etc.),incidence of defecation dysfunction of different genders and DD groups were compared by Chi 2 test.And two independent samples were compared with t test between DD and unused DD groups for controlling the age of defecation. Results Effective questionnaires were collected in 5 146 cases and using rate of DD was 87.9%(4 522/5 146); for DD and unused DD groups,the age of defecation was 31.13±9.62 and 27.18±8.96 months respectively and two were significantly different(P<0.001); In all,6.54%(337/5 146)children had defecation dysfunction,In group DD,320 people were used and 17 not used in group DD(P<0.001).The incidence of defecation dysfunction was from high to low:constipation(59.64%,201/337),fecal incontinence(27.60%,93/337)and rectal prolapse(12.76%,43/337)respectively. Conclusion Defecation dysfunction is common among preschool children.Long-term use of DD and a lack of postnatal defecation training are risk factors for preschool children's defecation dysfunction.It should cause social concerns.

引言
1 材料与方法
2 结果
3 讨论

表1 不同年龄段儿童性别构成情况<br/>Table 1 Distribution of gender composition for children aged 3～6 years

表1 不同年龄段儿童性别构成情况
Table 1 Distribution of gender composition for children aged 3～6 years

表2 不同年龄段及不同DD使用情况下儿童排便功能障碍患病率的比较<br/>Table 2 Prevalence of defecation dysfunction disorders in children aged 3 to 6 years

表2 不同年龄段及不同DD使用情况下儿童排便功能障碍患病率的比较
Table 2 Prevalence of defecation dysfunction disorders in children aged 3 to 6 years

表3 3～6岁儿童使用DD不同时长排便功能障碍患病率的比较<br/>Table 3 Prevalence of defecation dysfunctions in children aged 3 to 6 years with varying durations of DD

表3 3～6岁儿童使用DD不同时长排便功能障碍患病率的比较
Table 3 Prevalence of defecation dysfunctions in children aged 3 to 6 years with varying durations of DD

表4 不同DD使用时长男童和女童排便功能障碍患病率的比较<br/>Table 4 Prevalence of defecation dysfunctions in children aged 3 to 6 years with varying durations of DD

表4 不同DD使用时长男童和女童排便功能障碍患病率的比较
Table 4 Prevalence of defecation dysfunctions in children aged 3 to 6 years with varying durations of DD

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备注

引言

1 材料与方法

2 结果

3 讨论

期刊信息

备注

引言

1 材料与方法

2 结 果

3 讨 论

期刊信息

2 结果

3 讨论