某中心近十五年间先天性食管闭锁的诊治与并发症分析

广东省妇幼保健院新生儿外科(广东省广州市,514400)

食管闭锁; 畸形; 外科手术; 治疗结果

Treatment outcomes and complications of congenital esophageal atresia: a single-center report of 15 years.
Zhou Jialiang,Ge Wuping,Tian Song,Zhu Xiaochun,Xiao Shangjie,Fang Yuanlong,Yuan Like,Xu Lu.

Department of Neonatal Surgery,Guangdong Women & Children's Hospital,Guangzhou 511400,China

Esophageal Atresia; Abnormalities; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Treatment Outcome

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671— 6353.2018.04.010

备注

目的 总结本院近十五年间先天性食管闭锁手术治疗的效果及并发症情况。方法 回顾性分析本院自2001年至2016年间收治并实施手术治疗的115例先天性食管闭锁患儿的临床资料,其中男性73例,女性42例。出生胎龄(38±2)周,出生体重(2.64±0.53)kg。115例按Gross病理解剖分类:Ⅰ型6例,Ⅲ型101例,Ⅳ型3例,Ⅴ型5例。结果 115例中,107例治愈存活,8例死亡,死亡率7.0%(8/115)。术后并发症:食管吻合口瘘13例(11.3%,13/115),吻合口狭窄27例(23.5%,27/115),食管气管瘘3例(2.6%,3/115),肺炎肺不张65例(56.5%,65/115)。13例吻合口瘘中,2例分别因合并吻合口出血、法洛四联症最终死亡,11例经保守治疗痊愈。27例吻合口狭窄中,26例经球囊扩张术治愈, 1例球囊扩张术后出现食管气管瘘。3例食管气管瘘术后均空肠营养改善全身情况、再次开胸手术后治愈。结论 术后并发症是影响先天性食管闭锁患儿预后的主要因素,术中精细操作及加强术后护理减少吻合口张力,可减少吻合口瘘的发生; 吻合口瘘或狭窄一般经保守治疗可治愈,若发生食管气管瘘复发可经空肠营养改善全身情况后适时手术治疗。
Objective To summarize the short-term outcome of surgical management for congenital esophageal atresia(CEA). Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted for 115 CEA patients hospitalized between January 2001 and December 2016.There were 72 boys and 42 girls with a mean gestational age at birth of 38±2 weeks and a mean weights of 2.64±0.53 kilograms.According to the Gross pathological classification system,the types were Ⅰ(n=6),Ⅲ(n=101),Ⅳ(n=3)and Ⅴ(n=5). Results Among 107 survivors,anastomotic fistula(n=13)and anastomotic stricture(n=27)occurred during a follow-up period of at least 3 months.Only one case developed tracheoesophageal fistula after balloon dilation.Three infants developed tracheoesophageal fistula after surgery. Conclusion Sophisticated surgical technique,early preventive and curative interventions against complications may improve the survival rate and life quality of CEA patients.